E ai ki ngā tatauranga, he tino teitei te taumata whakapaunga pūngao o ngā umanga pouaka whakamātao, ā, he nui ake te taumata toharite whānui i te taumata toharite o taua umanga anō i tāwāhi. E ai ki ngā whakaritenga a te Institute of Refrigeration (IIR): i roto i ngā tau 20 e whai ake nei, "whakaitihia te whakapaunga pūngao o ia taputapu pouaka whakamātao mā te 30%" "~50%", ka tūtaki ahau ki tētahi wero nui, e tino hira ai te tūhura i ngā huarahi hei penapena pūngao i roto i te rokiroki makariri, hei whakaiti i te whakapaunga whakamatao o ngā hua pouaka whakamātao, hei whakapai ake i te whakamahinga pūnaha, me te whakapakari i te whakahaere whare putunga. Me pēhea te whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao i roto i te utu rokiroki makariri, kia mōhio ai ki te penapena pūngao o te pūnaha.
He aha ngā āhuatanga hei aro atu mā tātou e pā ana ki te penapena pūngao i roto i te whakahaeretanga o te rokiroki makariri?
1. Tirohia me te tiaki i te hanganga o te whare herehere i ia wā
Me aro nui hoki te tiaki i te hanganga rokiroki makariri ki te rokiroki makariri. E whakamahia ana te kimi i te hihi-whero i roto i te maha o ngā ahumahi i ēnei rā. Ka kitea e te mea e kiia nei ko te whakaahua wera-whero te kaha hihi-whero (wera) mā te kore-pā, ā, ka hurihia hei tohu hiko. He taputapu kimi e whakaputa ana i ngā whakaahua wera me ngā uara pāmahana i runga i te whakaaturanga, ā, ka taea te tatau i ngā uara pāmahana. Ka taea e ia te ine tika i te wera kua kitea, kia kore ai e taea e koe te tirotiro noa i ngā whakaahua wera, engari ka taea hoki te tautuhi me te tautuhi tika i ngā wāhi hapa e whakaputa ana i te wera. He tātari pakari.
2. Whakamahia te wā oma i te pō kia tika
(1) Te whakamahi whai hua i te hiko o te tihi me te awaawa i te pō
He rerekē ngā paerewa utu hiko e whakatinanahia ana i runga i ngā wā rerekē e pau ana te hiko, ā, kua whakarerekētia hoki e ngā kawanatanga me ngā tāone nui kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga tūturu. He nui ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā tihi me ngā awaawa, ā, he nui te hiko e pau ana i te rokiroki makariri. Ka taea te whakamahi hei rokiroki i te rokiroki makariri i te pō kia kore ai e tae ki te wā tino pau te hiko i te awatea.
(2) Te whakamahinga whaitake o te rerekētanga pāmahana i waenganui i te ao me te pō
He nui te rerekētanga o te pāmahana i waenganui i te ao me te pō. E ai ki ngā tatauranga, mā te hekenga o te pāmahana hauhautanga o te 1°C ka taea te whakaiti i te kaha e pau ana i te pūhiko mā te 1.5% [22], ā, ka piki ake te kaha whakamatao mō ia wae mana o te pou mā te 2.6%. He iti te pāmahana o te taiao i te pō, ā, ka heke anō hoki te pāmahana hauhautanga. E ai ki ngā tuhinga, ko te rerekētanga o te pāmahana i waenganui i te ao me te pō i ngā rohe āhuarangi moana ka eke ki te 6-10°C, i ngā āhuarangi whenua ka eke ki te 10-15°C, ā, i ngā rohe tonga ka eke ki te 8-12°C, nō reira he pai te whakanui ake i te wā tīmatanga i te pō ki te penapena pūngao o te rokiroki makariri.
3. Ringihia te hinu i te wā tika
Ka heke te pāmahana mimiti me te pikinga o te pāmahana hauhautanga i te hinu e piri ana ki te mata o te whakawhiti wera, nō reira me tātari te hinu i te wā tika, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i te tikanga whakahaere aunoa, e kore e taea anake te whakaiti i te kawenga mahi a ngā kaimahi engari ka taea hoki te whakahaere i te wā me te nui o te tātari hinu.
4Ārai i te hau kore-whakapūpū kei uru ki te paipa
I te mea he nui ake te taupū adiabatic o te hau (n=1.41) i te taupū haukini (n=1.28), ina he hau kore-whakapūpū i roto i te pūnaha pouaka whakamātao, ka piki ake te pāmahana tukunga o te pūwero pouaka whakamātao nā te pikinga o te pēhanga whakapūpū me te hau kōpeke. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau: ina whakaranua te hau kore-whakapūpū ki roto i te pūnaha pouaka whakamātao, ā, ka eke tōna pēhanga wāhanga ki te 0.2aMP, ka piki ake te whakapaunga hiko o te pūnaha mā te 18%, ā, ka heke te kaha whakamatao mā te 8%.
5. Te whakarewa i te wā tika
Ko te tauwehenga whakawhiti wera o te maitai e 80 ngā wā te roa ake i te hukapapa. Mēnā ka puta he hukapapa ki te mata o te evaporator, ka piki ake te ātete wera o te paipa, ka whakaiti i te tauwehenga whakawhiti wera, ā, ka whakaiti i te kaha whakamatao. Me whakarewa wawe kia kore ai e pau te pūngao o te pūnaha.
Ka tino noho ko te penapena pūngao hei kaupapa matua mō te whanaketanga pāpori ā muri ake nei. Me whakanui ake e ngā kamupene rokiroki makariri tō rātou mōhiotanga ki te whakataetae pāpori, me te whakapai tonu i raro i ngā āhuatanga ōhanga mākete kia pai ake ai te whanaketanga o tā tātou umanga rokiroki makariri.
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Wā tuku: Hōngongoi-15-2023